2008: Variable attachment to plant surface waxes by predatory insects. EIGENBRODE S.D., SNYDER W.E., CLEVENGER G., DING H.Oecologia 113: 197-202 Go to original source. 1998: Assessment of patch quality by ladybirds: role of larval tracks. Oecologia 8: 179-193 Go to original source. 1971: The role of intra-specific mechanisms and predation in regulating the numbers of the lime aphid, Eucalipterus tiliae. (ed.) 1964: Biological Control of Insect Pests and Weeds. 1997: Dropping of pea aphids from feeding site: a consequence of parasitism by the wasp Monoctonus paulensis. 1991: Harmonia axyridis, the third species of the genus to be found in the U.S. 2004: Mating and activity of gonads in pre-dormant and dormant ladybirds (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). 2000: Overwintering of Coccinella septempunctata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) at different altitudes in the Krakonosze Mts, SW Poland. 2006: Biodiversity as both a cause and consequence of resource availability: a study of reciprocal causality in a predator-prey system. CARDINALE B.J., WEIS J.J., FORBES A.E., TILMON K.J.Oecologia 126: 292-304 Go to original source. 2001: Predation on immature parasitoids and its impact on aphid suppression. 2006: The role of ecological infrastructures on Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) and other predators in weedy field margins within northern Italy agroecosystems. BURGIO G., FERRARI R., BORIANI L., POZZATI M.1998: Coccinellidae in apple orchards of eastern West Virginia and the impact of invasion by Harmonia axyridis. BioControl 48: 141-153 Go to original source. 2003: Intraguild responses of aphid predators on apple to the invasion of an exotic species, Harmonia axyridis. 2004: Biological control of cereal aphids in North America and mediating effects of host plant and habitat manipulations. IOBC/WPRS, Lindau, Switzerland, xiv+212 pp Ideabook on Functional Biodiversity at the Farm Level. 1967b: Selection of aphid prey by Adalia bipunctata L. 1967a: The effects of different aphid foods on Adalia bipunctata L. Elsevier, London, 396 pp Go to original source. (ed.) 1998: Conservation Biological Control. 1979: Coccinella septempunctata in the United States: recolonizations and notes on its ecology. 2001: Larval interactions in aphidophagous predators: effectiveness of wax cover as defence shield of Scymnus larvae against predation from syrphids. 1992: Laboratory study of cannibalism and interspecific predation in ladybirds. 2001: Olfactory behaviour of convergent lady beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) to alarm pheromone of green peach aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Received: SeptemRevised: NovemAccepted: NovemPublished: FebruShow citation Keywords: Coccinellidae, ladybirds, Coccinella septempunctata, Harmonia axyridis, Adalia bipunctata, Coleomegilla maculata, biological control, diapause, diet, foraging, intraguild predation, migration, oviposition, polyphenism, reproduction, voltinism We suggest that one explanation for the broad geographic success of C7 resides in an ecological plasticity that is based on both genetic and phenotypic polymorphisms. An absence of reproductive diapause in males and pre-hibernation mating are other significant adaptations, along with the tendency to produce offspring in excess of the carrying capacity of local food resources. The ability to temporarily suspend oviposition, combined with heterogenous voltinism and diapause tendencies, enable a portion of C7 populations to feed and reproduce on unpredictably occurring aphid populations. Given its high mobility and eurytopy, the inhibition of oviposition in the presence of conspecific larval trails represents an adaptive advantage that favors increased egg dispersal and lowers the risk of offspring mortality due to cannibalism. Although these traits appear to be neutral or negative, many aspects of population plasticity are advantageous for C7, often acting in concert with a bet-hedging strategy. axyridis and Adalia bipunctata, whereas it is not an intraguild predator of these species. Although adult size is large, preimaginal stages are palatable to those of H. The intraguild status of C7 is intermediate. C7 is euryphagous, but less polyphagous than Harmonia axyridis or Coleomegilla maculata in that it cannot develop or reproduce on non-aphid food. Institute of Entomology, Biological Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, 37005 Czech Republic e-mail: 2ĭepartment of Entomology, Agricultural Research Center-Hays, Kansas State University, Hays, Kansas, 67601 USA e-mail: were examined that could be responsible for the predominance of Coccinella septempunctata (C7) in most habitats of the Palaearctic and for its successful invasion of the Nearctic Region.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
Details
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |